Analisis Kesalahan Mahasiswa dalam Menggunakan Kaidah Ta’rif dan Tankir serta Cara Mengatasinya

Abstract

This study aims to identify students' errors in applying the Arabic grammatical rules of ta'rīf (definiteness/ma’rifah) and tankīr (indefiniteness/nakirah), and to formulate appropriate methods to address them. The study employed a descriptive-analytical qualitative approach involving 50 students from the academic year 2016–2017. Data were collected through written tests and analyzed through four stages: identification, classification, description of causes, and formulation of solutions. The findings revealed five systematic errors—three related to the rules of tankīr and two related to the rules of ta'rīf—caused by Indonesian language interference (interlingual) and overgeneralization of Arabic grammatical rules (intralingual). The study recommends four integrated methods: a contrastive approach, scaffolded context-based practice, structured corrective feedback with immediate response, and reinforcement through authentic Arabic texts.